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Malaria and dengue, two prevalent mosquito-borne diseases, share similarities in transmission and symptoms but possess distinct characteristics. As World Malaria Day prompts awareness, distinguishing between these diseases is crucial for effective management and prevention.

Malaria:

Definition: Malaria, an infectious disease, results from the Plasmodium parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.

Symptoms: Fever, chills, sweats, headache, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting.

Causes: Caused by the Plasmodium parasite transmitted through infected Anopheles mosquito bites.

Risk Factors: Travel to endemic areas, lack of preventive measures like bed nets or insect repellents.

Diagnosis: Microscopic examination of blood smears or rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium antigens.

Treatment: Antimalarial medications such as Chloroquine, ACTs, tailored to the Plasmodium species and drug resistance.

Dengue Fever:

Definition: Dengue fever, a viral infection, is caused by the dengue virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, notably Aedes aegypti.

Symptoms: Sudden fever onset, severe headache, eye pain, joint and muscle pain, rash, mild bleeding.

Causes: Spread by the dengue virus through Aedes mosquito bites.

Risk Factors: Residing in or traveling to dengue-endemic regions, insufficient mosquito control, lack of immunity to the virus.

Diagnosis: Blood tests to detect the virus or antibodies.

Treatment: Supportive care to alleviate symptoms; no specific antiviral treatment available currently.

Comparative Analysis:

• Symptoms: Malaria presents with flu-like symptoms, while dengue symptoms include severe headache and joint pain.

• Causes: Malaria is caused by a parasite, while dengue results from a virus.

• Risk Factors: Malaria risk factors include travel to endemic regions, whereas dengue risk factors encompass inadequate mosquito control and immunity.

• Diagnosis and Treatment: Malaria diagnosis involves blood smear examination, and treatment includes antimalarial drugs. Dengue diagnosis utilizes blood tests, and treatment focuses on symptom management.

Mortality Rates:

Malaria tends to be deadlier, particularly in regions with limited healthcare access. Severe malaria can lead to fatal complications such as cerebral malaria or organ failure. While dengue can also cause severe illness, mortality rates are generally lower.

Preventive Measures:

Effective prevention involves mosquito control strategies like eliminating breeding sites and using insecticides. Additional measures include wearing protective clothing, using mosquito repellents, and implementing community-based control programs.

Both malaria and dengue pose significant health risks and require prompt attention. Understanding their differences facilitates accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention efforts, ultimately reducing their impact on public health.

Globally, malaria and dengue continue to be major public health concerns, underscoring the importance of sustained efforts in research, prevention, and treatment to combat these diseases effectively.

ALSO READ: Zero Shadow Day in Bengaluru today: What is the rare celestial event? Why does it happen?

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Number 1 (People born on 1, 10, 19 and 28 of any month)

Ganesha says economic situation will be good today. It will be fruitful for you to seek the advice of a father or a father. Receiving any good news from children will relieve stress. Laziness can stop some of your work. Keep your physical capacity strong. Disagreements can arise with a close friend. You will not be able to spend more time at your workplace due to family commitments. Home atmosphere will be pleasant.

Number 2 (People born on 2, 11, 20 or 29 of any month)

Ganesha says confidence in your ability and talent will create beneficial conditions for you. The hidden talent within you will now be revealed which will increase your respect in the home and society. Sometimes a lot of things can go wrong because of your ego. At the same time, misunderstandings may arise in the minds of a few. Believe in your abilities today. There will be a shopping program related to the comforts of home.

Number 3 (People born on 3, 12, 21, 30 of any month)

Ganesha says you will get an opportunity to spend time with experienced and influential people and social boundaries will also increase. Don't worry about people and focus on your own work. You may also get new success. Laziness and carelessness can divert you from your goal. So keep your mind calm and stay away from bad friends. Heed the advice of the elders of the house. Surely you can find a suitable solution.

Number 4 (People born on 4, 13, 22 or 31 of any month)

Ganesha says a happy day will be spent in get-togethers and entertainment with relatives and friends. If a plan is being made to complete a particular task, then you will definitely get success. Spend according to your budget at this time. Otherwise you may get into trouble. Some kind of problem may arise regarding land-property or vehicle. So don't trust anyone too much. Relationship with important people in the field of work will bring new success for you.

Number 5 (People born on 5, 14, 23 of any month)

Ganesha says following the guidance and experience of experienced people can open the door of your advancement. The youth will heave a sigh of relief as any dilemma is cleared. You will also have the courage to take a big decision. A sudden arrival of a guest in the house can stop any important work. There may be improvement in business related activities. To maintain discipline and peace in the family, it is necessary to keep few rules and laws.

Number 6 (People born on 6, 15 or 24 of any month)

Ganesha says students will achieve success for higher education and will get admission in preferred institutes. The year will be prosperous for the students studying civil engineering, law, social subjects, social service and spiritual subjects. You need to find the right way to have a stable financial position. Family and friend will also support. People in love can expect a blissful romance and hook-up. You will start exercising again.

Number 7 (People born on 7, 16, and 25 of any month)

Ganesha says today will be auspicious. With the change of location, the income can also increase, which will strengthen the financial position. Practicality can earn respect from officials. Pay attention to gossip or slander in family matters and social circles and work to resolve differences with people. You can think about love relationships from a different perspective. In the field of health, some old or mysterious illness may come up.

Number 8 (People born on 8, 17 and 26 of any month)

Ganesha says you will spend a good day with family. You can participate in any ceremony or religious planning. The situation will be good in matters of study. The opportunities available at the professional level will soon be taken advantage of. Today will be a mixed day. Work will be good and there will be wealth gain. Control your anger. Discover the hidden talents in your mind considering the future need.

Number 9 (People born on 9, 18 and 27 of any month)

Ganesha says the day will start well. So pay attention to your important plans and start working on them immediately, brothers will also get proper support in achieving their goals. Sometimes there will be a feeling that the expected results of hard work are not getting. But that's just your guess. With patience and restraint you will overcome the problem. There will be some disturbance in business activities today. There will be sweetness in marriage relations.

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• Horoscope

Aries:

Ganesha says a plan related to a particular work may be initiated. So don't worry about people and focus on your own work. Do not expect help from others and believe in your own ability. When there is any difficulty, it will be appropriate to disclose one's problem to experienced persons. Keep your attitude positive. There may be a situation of dispute regarding something with brothers and sisters. At this time, do not waste time in activities related to the future and pay attention to your current tasks Maintain proper harmony between home and business.

Taurus:

Ganesha says planet Pastures are favourable for you. A financial plan of yours may come to fruition. Most of the work will be done properly. Your selfless contribution towards social activities can give you peace of mind. Do not take any kind of risk related to personal life. Maintain an outline while conversing in any meeting etc. Because any negative talk at this time can cause regret for you. You can be busy in business activities. Do not interfere too much in family matters.

Gemini:

Ganesha says social boundaries will increase and you will be busy in many types of activities. Your hard work will be successful in completing any special task. There will be shopping related to home comforts and happy time with family. There may be a dispute with the neighbours regarding some common matter. Control your anger and speech. It is necessary to monitor the child's activities and company. The time is not favourable for taking any important decision in business related matters. Family life can be pleasant.

Cancer:

Ganesha says by learning from the last few mistakes, you will be able to improve your work process. Future goals are likely to be achieved. Good news will give you confidence and new energy within you. Any electrical item, vehicle, etc. may break down and incur huge expenses. It is necessary to control the wrongful expenditure. A matter related to a court case can be discussed with a well-wisher. Don't let the professional stress dominate the home-family.

Leo:

Ganesha says planetary position is favourable. Use time wisely. You will be able to complete the work properly through your aptitude and talent. Any matter related to property is likely to be resolved. Don't spend wrongly because of the trend of showing off. It can spoil your financial system. Arguing with someone can lower your self-esteem. That means patience and restraint. Seek help from political contacts as business stalls. Your support in family activities will keep the home environment happy.

Virgo:

Ganesha says you will be able to take some time out of your busy routine for relaxation and fun. Many problems can also be solved by talking or socializing with relatives and friends. You will also make some special rules to refine your personality and behaviour. Don't let others interfere in your personal activities. Don't flaunt your success to others. It may create a feeling of jealousy in your opponents. Before making a new plan in business it is necessary to get complete information about it. The environment of the house can be pleasant.

Libra:

Ganesha says time will pass positively. Acting on the advice and guidance of the elders of the house can give you certain success. Your special contribution can be towards any social service organization. Your recognition in society will also increase. There may be a situation like discord with close relatives or friends. Be careful in money transactions. If you want to make some changes in your field of work then follow Vastu rules. It will be appropriate to consult spouse and family members in any problem.

Scorpio:

Ganesha says you will bring good improvement in your work system. Your hard work towards any special work will be successful. There may also be a meeting with a special person. Spend some time in spiritual activities to relax. It can become a situation of dispute with someone for no reason. Don't waste your time on wrong activities. It will affect your efficiency. Do not take any important decision regarding land-property today. In the field of work, you can get good results according to your hard work.

Sagittarius:

Ganesha says do any work with patience instead of haste; you will get the right result. You will also make a special contribution in finding solutions to children's problems. Despite the workload, you will find time for activities of your interest. Do not get involved in any arguments with neighbours. Matters can get worse. So be careful. Do not take any kind of risk. The mind will be disappointed on receiving any sad news regarding a close relative. A new order or deal may be finalized. Proper harmony will be maintained between husband and wife.

Capricorn:

Ganesha says try to learn something different from your daily routine. Even in social activities, there will be a discussion on any serious topic and your advice will also get priority. Avoid taking any kind of risk at this time. It can have a negative impact on your performance. Don't let bad news disturb your mood. There is a need to acquire more knowledge related to marketing.

Aquarius:

Ganesha says apart from busy routine, some time will be spent online shopping and fun with family. There will be a plan related to any demanding tasks in the house. The love and blessings of the elders will also remain on the family. Do not take any decision in haste and emotion. There is a possibility of error. Use appropriate words when communicating in any type of conversation or meeting related tasks. Your responsibilities in family business will be fulfilled properly. There may be a dispute between husband and wife.

Pisces:

Ganesha says today you will spend more time in your personal and interest activities. It can be very relaxing and relaxing mentally. Also take care of the respect of the members of the house. Due to your stubbornness or ego, relations with maternal side may get bad. Instead of fighting children over any negative activity, it would be appropriate to treat them in a friendly manner. Time is not right to take any decision regarding partnership in business. The atmosphere of the house will be normal.

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The residents of Bengaluru will experience a rare celestial phenomenon known as ‘Zero Shadow Day’ on April 24. This unique astronomical event -- when shadows disappear -- is expected to occur between 12:17 pm and 12:23 pm. The zero shadow phenomenon will also be experienced at places in the same latitudes as Bengaluru in India.

What is Zero Shadow Day?

On Zero Shadow Day, a rare occurrence in the sky, the sun exactly aligns above, eliminating shadows from vertical objects. On this day, when the sun is directly above at its highest point in the sky, there is no shadow cast on the ground.

According to the Astronomical Society of India (ASI), when the sun is directly at the zenith position, it doesn't cast a shadow on any object. 

"For people living between +23.5 and -23.5 degrees latitude, the Sun's declination will be equal to their latitude twice - once during Uttarayan and once during Dakshinayan. On these two days, the Sun will be exactly overhead at noon and will not cast a shadow of an object on the ground," explains the ASI on its website.

In areas between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, this occurrence happens twice a year. This annual phenomenon takes place in Bengaluru, which is situated at a latitude of around 13.0 degrees north, on April 24 or 25, and August 18. The zero shadow days vary depending on where you live in the world.

How will Bengaluru celebrate Zero Shadow Day?

To raise awareness of this astronomical occurrence, the Indian Institute of Astrophysics in Bengaluru will host programs at its Koramangala campus. From 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., it has welcomed educators, astronomy lovers, and students to participate in interactive activities. Measuring and monitoring how objects' shadow lengths change are among the activities. 
 

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