Kashmir to Kargil: Unraveling the India-Pakistan conflict timeline
india May 09 2025
Author: Nancy Tiwari Image Credits:X
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1947–1948 (First Kashmir War)
Following thepartition, Pakistan invaded Kashmir. India intervened militarily. The war ended with a UN-mediated ceasefire, establishing the Line of Control dividing Kashmir.
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1965 (Second Kashmir War)
Pakistan launched Operation Gibraltar to infiltrate Kashmir. India responded with full-scale war. A ceasefire was brokered by the Soviet Union and USA under the Tashkent Agreement.
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1971 (Bangladesh Liberation War)
India supported East Pakistan’s independence, defeating Pakistan in war. Bangladesh was created, with 90,000 Pakistani troops surrendering, changing South Asian geopolitics.
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1999 (Kargil War)
Pakistani militants infiltrated Kargil. India’s Operation Vijay reclaimed the peaks, leading to intense fighting and Pakistan’s withdrawal under international pressure.
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2016 (Uri Attack)
Nineteen Indian soldiers were killed in a terrorist attack at Uri. India retaliated with surgical strikes targeting terrorist launch pads in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
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2019 (Pulwama Attack)
A suicide bombing in Pulwama killed 40 CRPF personnel. India responded with airstrikes on a JeM training camp in Balakot, deep inside Pakistani territory.
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2025 (Pahalgam Attack)
A terror attack in Baisaran valley, Pahalgam, claimed 26 lives, including foreigners and locals, marking one of the deadliest attacks in Jammu and Kashmir recently.
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2025 (Operation Sindoor)
India launched missile strikes on nine terrorist sites in Pakistan and PoK, targeting cross-border terrorism based on credible intelligence of impending attacks.